Posts Tagged Under: Philippe Pinel

William Tuke and the York Retreat

William Tuke

William Tuke

Did you know…..

William Tuke (1732-1822) was the founder of a psychiatric hospital called the “York Retreat“?

William’s great-grandson, psychiatrist Daniel Hack Tuke, described El Retiro as a refuge or oasis of tranquility in which the mentally ill were treated in a more humane way and could recover. The treatment carried out in that insane asylum was later called “the moral treatment of madness“.

William Tuke was a great philanthropist who dedicated part of his fortune and his time, until he was eighty-eight years old, to the management of the York Retreat. Tuke belonged to “The Society of Friends“, popularly known as the Quakers.

Tuke later influenced John Conolly, a pioneer in the treatment of non-restriction of the mentally ill. William Tuke was contemporary Philippe Pinel, French doctor who unchained the mad or alienated Bicêtre asylum in 1793.

(Edited by Dr. María Moya Guirao, MD)

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Surrealist Revolution

Salvador Dali

Salvador Dali

Did you know…..

That in 1925 a group of French artists and writers signed a “manifesto” in the name of what they called the “surrealist revolution“?

This manifesto of the group of surrealist artists and writers addressed to the directors of psychiatric hospitals in France. Among other things they wrote the following:

“Tomorrow, at the time of the visit, when you try, without the help of your lexicon, to communicate with these men, you can remember and recognize that you only have a superiority over them: strength.”

The voice was raised by the inhuman conditions in which the mentally ill lived in the insane asylums of that time.

Philippe Pinel, the eminent French doctor, removed the chains to the madmen of the Bicêtre asylum in the eighteenth century. In this and other asylums it was usual to keep the mentally ill tied with chains.

(Edited by Dr. María Moya Guirao, MD)

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William Tuke y el Retiro de York

Retiro de York

Retiro de York

¿ Sabías que…..

William Tuke (1732-1822) fue el fundador de un hospital psiquiátrico llamado el “Retiro de York”?

El bisnieto de William, el psiquiatra Daniel Hack Tuke, describió El Retiro como un refugio u oasis de tranquilidad en el que los enfermos mentales fueran tratados de un modo más humano y pudieran recuperarse. Al tratamiento realizado en ese manicomio se le llamó posteriormente “el tratamiento moral de la locura”.

William Tuke fue un gran filántropo que dedicó parta de su fortuna y su tiempo, hasta los ochenta y ocho años, a la gerencia del Retiro de York. Tuke pertenecía a la Sociedad de Amigos, popularmente conocidos como los quaqueros.

Tuke influyó más tarde en John Conolly, pionero del tratamiento de no-restricción de los enfermos mentales. William Tuke fue coetáneo Philippe Pinel, médico francés que desencadenó a los locos o alienados del manicomio de Bicêtre en 1793.

 

(Editado por la Dra. Moya Guirao)

 

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Pinel y los locos

¿ Sabías que….

hasta finales del siglo XVIII el psicótico es considerado como extremadamente peligroso y se le mantenía encadenado ?

Al médico francés Philippe Pinel se le atribuye el gran gesto de desencadenar a los locos o alienados ( lo realizó en el manicomio de Bicêtre en 1793), pero en realidad lo hizo diez años antes que él (1783) Vincenzo Chiarugi en el Asilo Bonifacio de Florencia.

 

(Editado por la Dra. Moya Guirao)

Retrato de PinelPhilippe Pinel

Retrato de Vincenzo Chiarugi

Vincenzo Chiarugi

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